#一分鐘英語聽力訓練
Tom Hanks Addresses the Yale Class of 2011 (18-21)(完)
* 按照順序聽六遍，聽力從0到100
今晚結束湯姆漢克斯的演講，共五段，主題是Faith(信心)和Fear(恐懼)
Faith在你前面帶領，Fear在你後面嚇你，Fear是看不到的心魔，被商人、被政客拿來利用，激起不知情的你的恐慌和憤怒，進而幫助他們達成商業和政治利益，當他們免費義工和打手
被商人牽著鼻子，只損失金錢，被政治人物牽著鼻子，損失的甚至是生命和家庭。
所以面對這樣的社會，用Faith來看待Fear，如同Tom Hanks講的智者故事，要不就Embrace fear，要不就Play with fear，要不就Get away from fear
今天的英文詞彙重點在Be Expected，先前北一女的課外閱讀A Single Shard(破瓷片)，一身破爛的男主角Tree-ear告訴城門衛兵”I was expected by Emissary”，中譯本寫「我是被使者期待的」，好奇怪，誰會期待一個乞丐？正確的意思應該是，「我跟使者有約」
但是，今天講的Be Expected，真的是「被期待」，如果後面有介係詞，意思就改了，而且不同介係詞，意思不太一樣：
1) be expected of you, 對某人的期待
“It is expected of you to find the solution.” 我們都期待你能夠找到解決辦法
2) be expected for you, 某人的預期
“Such performance was not expected for me.” 這樣的表現不是我所樂見的，如果用of，就變成「這個Performance是我幹的」
3) be expected from you, 對某人的期待
“Such behavior was not expected from you.” 沒想到你會出現這種行為，如果改成of，就變成「你不應該出現這種行為」
英文學到這裡，已經到了Native American的等級了….
《詞彙分析》
Concern
湯姆漢克說，國家統一是每個人的Never ending concern，這裡的Concern如果翻譯成「關心/擔心」或「關心/擔心的東西」，語意很怪；Concern另一個意思是，你所認為「重要的事情」，”My main concern is to earn more money(我最在意的事情是賺更多的錢)”，所以Never ending concern，是大家認為永遠重要的工作
For good
副詞片語，永遠地 = permanently
Affect
影響，但是和Effect到底差別在哪裡？首先先談Effect；Effect的動詞和名詞意思是不同的，動詞的Effect something是讓這件事情「發生」，至於會不會產生影響的效果Have an effect on something，則不一定：
Effect changes to our lives (讓我們的生活改變)
Affect our lives(改變我們的生活)
結論：Affect something = Have an effect on something
Provide for someone
正常的英語，提供某東西給某人，Provide someone with something或Provide something to someone，但是湯姆漢克斯為什麼用Provide for someone，中間加一個介係詞For呢？Provide for someone是一個慣用語，有它特定的意思，「提供生活所需」給某個人，Without work, how can I provide for my family? (沒有工作，我拿什麼來養家？)
Empathize with something
用同理心來看待，有點像Sympathize，但是用Sympathize有可憐人家的味道，對於自尊心強的人，用Empathize比較恰當
Fulcrum
槓桿的支點，輪胎、轉盤、方向盤的軸心，也就是關鍵位置
【Part 18】
《聽力挑戰1 – 英文原聲》
《聽力挑戰2 – 英文原文》
Speaking from 54 years of experience, the work towards a perfect union is a never ending concern that involves each and every one of us.
Evidence that our nation is becoming a better place is everywhere, but each new day, fear is as the Jersey poet says, “lurking in the darkness on the edge of town.”
Your rising from bed every morning will give fear its chance to grow stronger just as it will afford faith its chance to blossom.
You will make the choice to react to one or create the other.
And because you are smart enough to earn your place on this college day at Yale University, you will sense the moment and you will know what to do.
《聽力訓練3 – 英文+中文提示》
Speaking from 54 years of experience, the work towards a perfect union(完美的統一聯邦) is a never ending concern(重要的事) that involves each and every one of us.
Evidence that our nation is becoming a better place is everywhere, but each new day, fear is as the Jersey poet(紐澤西詩人) says, “lurking in(潛伏在) the darkness on the edge of town.”
Your rising from bed every morning will give fear its chance to grow stronger just as it will afford(給予、允許、負擔) faith its chance to blossom(興旺、開花).
You will make the choice to react to(做出反應) one or create the other.
And because you are smart enough to earn your place(贏得一席之地) on this college day at Yale University, you will sense(感受到) the moment and you will know what to do.
《聽力訓練4 – 中譯+英文提示》
54年的經驗告訴我，朝向建立一個完美的統一聯邦a perfect union的任務是每一個人永無止境的大事concern
到處都有證據顯示我們的國家變得比以前好，但是每開始新的一天，恐懼就像紐澤西詩人Jersey poet說的：「潛伏在lurking in城市邊緣角落的黑暗處」
你們每天早成起床，都會給恐懼一個機會變得更強大，也同樣會給予afford信心一個興旺blossom的機會
你要麼對其中一個做出回應react to，要麼造就另一個
因為你們的聰明才智都足以讓你們在耶魯大學贏得一席之地earn your place，你們會感受到sense這時刻，你們會知道該怎麼做
《聽力挑戰5 – 中英對照》
Speaking from 54 years of experience, the work towards a perfect union(完美的統一聯邦) is a never ending concern(重要的事) that involves each and every one of us.
54年的經驗告訴我，朝向建立一個完美的統一聯邦的任務是每一個人永無止境的大事
Evidence that our nation is becoming a better place is everywhere, but each new day, fear is as the Jersey poet(紐澤西詩人) says, “lurking in(潛伏在) the darkness on the edge of town.”
到處都有證據顯示我們的國家變得比以前好，但是每開始新的一天，恐懼就像紐澤西詩人說的：「潛伏在城市邊緣角落的黑暗處」
Your rising from bed every morning will give fear its chance to grow stronger just as it will afford(給予、允許、負擔) faith its chance to blossom(興旺、開花).
你們每天早成起床，都會給恐懼一個機會變得更強大，也同樣會給予信心一個興旺的機會
You will make the choice to react to(做出反應) one or create the other.
你要麼對其中一個做出回應，要麼造就另一個
And because you are smart enough to earn your place(贏得一席之地) on this college day at Yale University, you will sense(感受到) the moment and you will know what to do.
因為你們的聰明才智都足以讓你們在耶魯大學贏得一席之地，你們會感受到這時刻，你們會知道該怎麼做
《聽力挑戰6 – 英文原聲》
【Part 19】
《聽力挑戰1 – 英文原聲》
《聽力挑戰2 – 英文原文》
In the meantime, ponder this front in the struggle against ceaseless fear and its ceaseless flow.
In the coming months and years, veterans of wars in Iraq and Afghanistan will finally come home for good.
After so many tours, and we know this, some after many tours that wore at the body and ate at their soul and spilled a great portion of their lives.
For all of them after a long time spent far away in the harsh realm of war, and they return different from what they were when they left.
Surely their faith in themselves is shadowed by a fear of not knowing what is expected of them next.
《聽力訓練3 – 英文+中文提示》
In the meantime, ponder(沉思) this front(首要處) in the struggle against ceaseless fear(不間斷的恐懼) and its ceaseless flow(不間斷的運轉).
In the coming months and years, veterans(老兵) of wars in Iraq and Afghanistan will finally come home for good(永遠).
After so many tours, and we know this, some after many tours that wore at(磨損) the body and ate at(侵蝕) their soul and spilled(潑灑) a great portion(部分) of their lives.
For all of them after a long time spent far away in the harsh(嚴苛的) realm(領域) of war, and they return different from what they were when they left.
Surely their faith in themselves is shadowed(蒙蔽、遮蔽) by a fear of not knowing what is expected of them(…對他們的期望) next.
《聽力訓練4 – 中譯+英文提示》
在此同時In the meantime，我們必須沉思ponder這一點this front，搏鬥這源源不絕的ceaseless恐懼和它的後續影響flow
接下來幾個月幾年，老兵veterans終於要從伊拉克和阿富汗回國，永遠for good不用再出去
經歷這麼多旅程，我們可以理解，有些人在這麼多旅程後身體受磨損wore at，心靈受侵蝕ate at，他們生命的一大部分portion被掏空
對於他們全部的人，用這麼長的時間在嚴苛殘酷harsh的戰場上realm of war，他們回來見到的國家已經和他們離開的時候不同了
他們的自信心當然會被恐懼所遮蔽is shadowed，因為他們不知道接下來社會要他們做什麼is expected of them
《聽力挑戰5 – 中英對照》
In the meantime, ponder(沉思) this front(這一點) in the struggle against(鬥爭) ceaseless fear(不間斷的恐懼) and its ceaseless flow(不間斷的運轉).
在此同時，我們必須沉思這一點，搏鬥這源源不絕的恐懼和它的影響
In the coming months and years, veterans(老兵) of wars in Iraq and Afghanistan will finally come home for good(永遠).
接下來幾個月幾年，老兵終於要從伊拉克和阿富汗回國，永遠不用再出去
After so many tours, and we know this, some after many tours that wore at(磨損) the body and ate at(侵蝕) their soul and spilled(潑灑) a great portion(部分) of their lives.
經歷這麼多旅程，我們可以理解，有些人在這麼多旅程後身體受磨損，心靈受侵蝕，他們生命的一大部分被掏空
For all of them after a long time spent far away in the harsh(嚴苛的) realm(領域) of war, and they return different from what they were when they left.
對於他們全部的人，用這麼長的時間在嚴苛殘酷的戰場上，他們回來見到的國家已經和他們離開的時候不同了
Surely their faith in themselves is shadowed(蒙蔽、遮蔽) by a fear of not knowing what is expected of them(…對他們的期望) next.
他們的自信心當然會被恐懼所遮蔽，因為他們不知道接下來社會希望要他們做什麼
《聽力挑戰6 – 英文原聲》
【Part 20】
《聽力挑戰1 – 英文原聲》
《聽力挑戰2 – 英文原文》
Now no matter what your view of those wars over there, you can affect the future of our nation right here by taking their fears head on.
You can imprint the very next pages of the history of our troubled world by reinforcing the faith of those returning veterans, allowing them to rest, aiding in their recovery, if possible, their complete recovery.
So let those of us who watch the debate of their longer deployments, serve them now as they served when they were asked and as they were ordered.
Let’s provide for them their place free from fear, by educating them if they can learn, by employing them as they transition from soldier back to citizen, and by empathizing with the new journey they are starting even though we will never fully understand the journey they just completed.
《聽力訓練3 – 英文+中文提示》
Now no matter what your view(見解) of those wars over there, you can affect(影響、改變) the future of our nation right here by taking their fears head on(迎面而來的).
You can imprint(印記) the very next pages of the history of our troubled world(紛亂的世界) by reinforcing(加強) the faith of those returning veterans, allowing them to rest(休息), aiding(幫助、援助) in their recovery, if possible, their complete recovery.
So let those of us who watch the debate(爭論) of their longer deployments(佈署), serve them now as they served when they were asked and as they were ordered.
Let’s provide for(提供…生活所需) them their place free from fear, by educating(教育) them if they can learn, by employing(聘用) them as they transition(過渡、轉變) from soldier back to citizen, and by empathizing with(用同理心) the new journey(旅程) they are starting even though we will never fully understand the journey they just completed.
《聽力訓練4 – 中譯+英文提示》
不管你們對那裡的戰爭的看法view是什麼，你們可以影響affect國家的未來，只要你們承接他們迎面而來的head on恐懼
你們可以在紛亂世界troubled world的歷史上寫下imprint重要的幾頁，只要能夠強化reinforcing回歸老兵的信心，讓他們休息，幫他們復原，如果可能，幫aiding他們完全復原
讓我們目睹這些長期佈署deployments爭辯debate的這些人，為他們服務，因為他們曾被要求被命令去服務(服役)
讓我們提供provide for他們免於恐懼的地方，如果他們肯學，我們可以教育他們，我們可以聘用employing他們，幫助他們從軍人過渡transition成為百姓，用同理心empathizing with給他們新的旅程journey，即使我們用遠也不可能完全明白他們剛剛結束的旅程
《聽力挑戰5 – 中英對照》
Now no matter what your view(見解) of those wars over there, you can affect(影響、改變) the future of our nation right here by taking their fears head on(迎面而來的).
不管你們對那裡的戰爭的看法是什麼，你們可以影響國家的未來，只要你們承接他們迎面而來的恐懼
You can imprint(印記) the very next pages of the history of our troubled world(紛亂的世界) by reinforcing(加強) the faith of those returning veterans, allowing them to rest(休息), aiding(幫助、援助) in their recovery, if possible, their complete recovery.
你們可以在紛亂世界的歷史上寫下重要的幾頁，只要能夠強化回歸老兵的信心，讓他們休息，幫他們復原，如果可能，幫他們完全復原
So let those of us who watch the debate(爭論) of their longer deployments(佈署), serve them now as they served when they were asked and as they were ordered.
讓我們目睹這些長期佈署爭辯的這些人，為他們服務，因為他們曾被要求被命令去服務(服役)
Let’s provide for(提供…生活所需) them their place free from fear, by educating(教育) them if they can learn, by employing(聘用) them as they transition(過渡、轉變) from soldier back to citizen, and by empathizing with(用同理心) the new journey(旅程) they are starting even though we will never fully understand the journey they just completed.
讓我們提供他們免於恐懼的地方，如果他們肯學，我們可以教育他們，我們可以聘用他們，幫助他們從軍人過渡成為百姓，用同理心給他們新的旅程，即使我們用遠也不可能完全明白他們剛剛結束的旅程
《聽力挑戰6 – 英文原聲》
【Part 21】
《聽力挑戰1 – 英文原聲》
《聽力挑戰2 – 英文原文》
We all will define the true nature of our American identity, not by the parades and the welcome home parties, but how we match their time in the service with service of our own.
Give it four years, as many years as you spent here at Yale, in acts both proactive and spontaneous, and do the things you can to free veterans from the new uncertainty that awaits them, from mysterious fears they will face the day after they come home.
Cultivate in them the faith to carry on and they will do the rest.
《聽力訓練3 – 英文+中文提示》
We all will define(定義) the true nature(本質) of our American identity(美國國家認同), not by the parades(遊行) and the welcome home parties, but how we match(匹配) their time in the service with service of our own.
Give it four years, as many years as you spent here at Yale, in acts both proactive(積極主動的) and spontaneous(自發性的), and do the things you can to free veterans from the new uncertainty(不確定感) that awaits(等待) them, from mysterious(神秘的) fears they will face the day after they come home.
Cultivate(培養) in them the faith to carry on(繼續下去) and they will do the rest(做剩下的事).
《聽力訓練4 – 中譯+英文提示》
我們都將會定義define美國國家認同American identity的真實本質nature，不是靠遊行parades和接風派對welcome home parties，而是提供與他們服役期相當的match服務給他們
給它四年，就跟你們待在耶魯四年的時間一樣長，用積極主動proactive和自發性的spontaneous行動，盡你們所能讓老兵免於新的不確定感uncertainty，等在awaits他們面前的不確定感，免於神秘的mysterious恐懼，他們回家就會面臨的恐懼
培養Cultivate他們內心的自信，讓他們繼續走下去carry on，他們就會自己走完剩下的路do the rest
《聽力挑戰5 – 中英對照》
We all will define(定義) the true nature(本質) of our American identity(美國國家認同), not by the parades(遊行) and the welcome home parties, but how we match(匹配) their time in the service with service of our own.
我們都將會定義美國國家認同的真實本質，不是靠遊行和接風派對，而是提供與他們服役期相當的服務給他們
Give it four years, as many years as you spent here at Yale, in acts both proactive(積極主動的) and spontaneous(自發性的), and do the things you can to free veterans from the new uncertainty(不確定感) that awaits(等待) them, from mysterious(神秘的) fears they will face the day after they come home.
給它四年，就跟你們待在耶魯四年的時間一樣長，用積極主動和自發性的行動，盡你們所能讓老兵免於新的不確定感，等在他們面前的不確定感，免於神秘的恐懼，他們回家就會面臨的恐懼
Cultivate(培養) in them the faith to carry on(繼續下去) and they will do the rest(做剩下的事).
培養他們內心的自信，讓他們繼續走下去，他們就會自己走完剩下的路
《聽力挑戰6 – 英文原聲》
【Part 22】
《聽力挑戰1 – 英文原聲》
《聽力挑戰2 – 英文原文》
So commencements day arrives. Your work begins.
Work that will not always be joyful to you, labor that may not always fulfill you, and days that will seem like one damn thing after the other.
It’s true. You will now work every day for the rest of your lives.
That full-time job, your career as human beings, and as Americans and as graduates of Yale, is to stand on the fulcrum between fear and faith.
Fear at your back, faith in front of you, which way will you lean? Which way will you move?
Move forward, move ever forward, and tweet out the picture of the results.
It may make you as famous as Sam Tsui.
Thank you and congratulations!
《聽力訓練3 – 英文+中文提示》
So commencements(畢業典禮) day arrives. Your work begins.
Work that will not always be joyful to you, labor that may not always fulfill(滿足) you, and days that will seem like one damn thing after the other.
It’s true. You will now work every day for the rest of your lives.
That full-time job(全職工作), your career as human beings, and as Americans and as graduates of Yale, is to stand on the fulcrum(支點) between fear and faith.
Fear at your back, faith in front of you, which way will you lean(倚靠)? Which way will you move?
Move forward, move ever forward, and tweet out(推送) the picture of the results.
It may make you as famous as Sam Tsui.
Thank you and congratulations!
《聽力訓練4 – 中譯+英文提示》
所以畢業典禮commencements這天，你們的工作開始
工作不會一直讓你們心情愉快，工作可能不會滿足fulfill你們，日子有可能像壞事接二連三
真的是這樣，你們接下來生命的每一天都要工作
身為職業人類、美國人、耶魯大學畢業生，全職工作full-time job是站在恐懼和信心的支點上fulcrum
恐懼在你背後，信心在你眼前，你會向哪一方像靠攏lean？你會走哪一條路？
往前走，再往前走，然後把你們的成果的照片推送出去tweet out
你們可能會像徐山姆一樣出名
謝謝並恭喜大家！
《聽力挑戰5 – 中英對照》
So commencements(畢業典禮) day arrives. Your work begins.
所以畢業典禮這天，你們的工作開始
Work that will not always be joyful to you, labor that may not always fulfill(滿足) you, and days that will seem like one damn thing after the other.
工作不會一直讓你們心情愉快，工作可能不會滿足你們，日子有可能像壞事接二連三
It’s true. You will now work every day for the rest of your lives.
真的是這樣，你們接下來生命的每一天都要工作
That full-time job(全職工作), your career as human beings, and as Americans and as graduates of Yale, is to stand on the fulcrum(支點) between fear and faith.
身為職業人類、美國人、耶魯大學畢業生，全職的工作是站在恐懼和信心的支點上
Fear at your back, faith in front of you, which way will you lean(倚靠)? Which way will you move?
恐懼在你背後，信心在你眼前，你會向哪一方像靠攏？你會走哪一條路？
Move forward, move ever forward, and tweet out(推送) the picture of the results.
往前走，再往前走，然後把你們的成果的照片推送出去
It may make you as famous as Sam Tsui.
你們可能會像徐山姆一樣出名
Thank you and congratulations!
謝謝並恭喜大家！
《聽力挑戰6 – 英文原聲》
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