【外在動詞】Rough & Smooth (粗糙與光滑)
Rough (粗糙),動詞「粗糙、粗暴」
片語:Rough out
大略寫出或畫出,不含細節
+ to rough out a diagram (大略畫張流程圖)
+ to rough out an idea (大概想出個辦法)
片語:Rough up
對人rough up,打人,而且打得很粗野
+ to rough up the victims (毆打受害者)
對東西rough up,把表面弄粗
+ to rough up the surface (弄粗表面)
口語:Rough it
過苦日子,通常不會太久。
馬克吐溫1872年寫他在內華達州的苦日子,書名Roughing It,從此rough it成為通用口語
+ We’ll have to rough it without food.
+ (沒東西吃,我們只能先挨著)
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Smooth (光滑),動詞「弄平、弄順、弄光滑」
+ to smooth down the surface
+ (把表面磨光滑)
+ to smooth out the newspaper
+ (把報紙攤平)
+ to smooth the wrinkles of the dress
+ (把衣服弄平)
+ to smooth the hair
+ (把頭髮整理順)
Smooth the way for something,為了某件事情鋪好路,掃除障礙,做好準備:
+ We have to smooth the way for Olympic 2020.
+ (我們必須為2020年奧運做好準備)
片語:Smooth away
消除(皺紋)、消除(分歧)、解決(問題)
+ to smooth away the wrinkles (消除皺紋)
+ to smooth away difficulties (克服困難)
+ to smooth away a problem (解決問題)
片語:Smooth down
磨平、壓平
這個片語特別強調必須施加壓力弄平,和Smooth away/out/over不同。
+ to smooth down the bedclothes (把床單壓平)
片語:Smooth out = Smooth away
弄平、消除(障礙)、擺平(問題)
Smooth out「弄平」
Smooth down「磨平」
+ to smooth out the map (把地圖攤平)
+ to smooth down the floor (把地板磨平)
* smooth down專用在表面磨平、壓平
* smooth out/away是弄平、擺平
片語:Smooth over
緩和(紛爭)、弄平
+ Smooth over a problem (緩和問題)
+ Smooth away/out a problem (擺平問題)
* smooth over只能緩和問題,不能像smooth away或smooth out解決問題
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